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Hispanic Doctors Making History

While the number of Hispanic doctors who have and continue to make history is never-ending; there are some who have marshaled their strengths, talents and educational backgrounds to forge unexplored frontiers; ultimately paving the way for others to follow in their footsteps. The following is an active sampling of Hispanic physicians who have changed the face of medicine and effected international growth. Check back periodically: we will be adding Hispanic doctors to our profiles on a regular basis.

Serena Auñón, M.D., M.P.H.

Photo Date: October 2, 2009 Location: Bldg. 8, Room 272 Photo Studio Subject: Official Astronaut portrait of Serena Aunon Photographer: Robert Markowitz

One Hispanic woman who made history and serves as an impeccable role model is Serena Auñón (M.D., M.P.H.) who was born on April 9, 1976 in Indianapolis, Indiana. Not only was she the second female Hispanic NASA astronaut; she was also the first Hispanic female medical doctor to become a NASA astronaut. She is an engineer as well.

Auñón began her educational  trek at George Washington University where she earned a Bachelor’s Degree in Electrical Engineering. She then attended the University of Texas (Health Sciences Center) where she received a Doctorate of Medicine as well as Masters of Public Health at UT’s Medical Branch.

Initially hired by NASA to “assist in medical operations for the International Space Station;” she was later chosen to be an astronaut and had her first mission in 2012 when she “piloted a DeepWorker 2000 Submersible for an exploration mission off Key Largo, Florida.”

Dr. Carlos CDrCarlosCansecoMedalla05anseco González (1921-2009)

Dr. Carlos Canseco garnered worldwide attention as not only an exceptional physician; but also for his work as a philanthropist. He was named a “Public Health Hero of the Americas” in 2002 by the Pan American Health Organization.

Dr. Canseco received his MD from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM); later specializing in Allergology at Northwestern University and Clinical Immunology at the University of Pittsburgh. In Mexico he made history teaching the first university class ever in Allergology, as well as acquiring monies needed to build Monterrey’s first Hospital for Children. In 1982-1984 he worked to obliterate polio and together with Albert Sabin developed an aerosol vaccination.  Other works he is famous for include:

  • Active member of Rotary International which he was the worldwide Chairman in 1984. During this time he began a worldwide campaign to fight polio.
  • Was the State Secretary of Health for Nuevo Leon
  • Recipient of numerous Honorary Degrees from universities around the world
  • 2004 the Mexican Senate honored him with the Belisario Dominguez Medal.

Antonia Novello

 Dr. Antonia  Novello

In 1990 George Bush appointed  Dr. Antonia Novello to the post of Surgeon General of the United States. She was not only the first woman to be named, but also, she was the first Hispanic to have ever received the honor.  Dr. Antonia Novello was familiar with “firsts;” she was the first woman at the University of Michigan to be named “Intern of the Year.” Highlights of her public service work include:

  • Joining the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps
  • Working with the National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism and Digestive Disorders at the National Institute of Health
  • Deputy Director of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. During this time she made contributions in the area of pediatric AIDS.
  • Earning a degree in Public Health from Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health
  • Received assignments from the U.S. Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources
  • On one assignment, helped draft legislation for the Organ Transplantation Procurement Act of 1984

Enrique González Martínez, MD (1871-1952)

Enrique Gonzalez Martinez
The uniqueness and greatness of Dr. Martinez was to be found in his extraordinary ability to be a master in the sciences  and politics, as well as the arts. A well-known physician with an obstetric specialty,  Martinez was a surgeon, professor, honored poet, publisher and government servant. His achievements and accomplishments include a wide range of diversity:

  •  Professor of Physiology at the  Guadalajara School of Medicine
  •  High-Ranking State Government Official
  • Secretary General of Government
  • Member of the Mexican Academy
  • President of the Youth Ateneo
  • Owner/Founder of the magazine Argos; also responsible for the daily newspaper El Imparcial. Director of Pegaso magazine
  • Authored 3 recognized books of poetry
  • Undersecretary of Public Education and Fine Arts
  • State of Puebla: Secretary of Government
  • Professor at the School of Higher Studies in French Literature as well as appointed Head of Literature and Grammar Departments
  • Professor of Mexican Literature in the National Preparatory School
  • Joined  Mexican Foreign Service
  • While in Mexican Foreign Service he was appointed Mexico’s Diplomatic Minister to Chile, Portugal, Spain and Argentina
  • Mexican Academy of Language: Member
  •  Recipient of the  Ávila Camacho National Prize of Literature

Garcia

Dr. Catalina Esperanza Garcia

Referred to as “Local hero” or “Local legend” in her Texas community; Dr. Catalina Esperanza Garcia was one of the first Hispanic women to graduate from the University of Texas-Southwestern Medical School. She is also an honored recipient of the Hispanic 100’s Latina Living Legend Award (2013).

Severo

Dr. Severo Ochoa (1905–1993)

Dr. Severo Ochoa was famous for his work as both a doctor and biochemist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1959 for synthesizing RNA (ribonucleic acid). Other notable accomplishments and work include:

  • New York University School of Medicine: Research Associate as well as a Professor of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and appointed Chairman of the Biochemistry Department
  • 1979: Awarded the United States National Medal of Science
  • University of Oxford: Nuffield Research Assistant and “Demonstrator”

Nora-Volkow  Dr. Nora Volkow

According to a news report published by the Partnership for Drug Free Kids, there are over 23.5 million substance abusers in the United States alone. The worldwide estimation of drug-dependent people is somewhere around 210 million. One of the most influential research psychiatrists in the field of substance abuse and addiction is a female Hispanic, Dr. Nora Volkow.

Dr. Volkow is both the Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and also an accomplished scientist. Volkow is probably best known for introducing brain imaging to the medical field as a means to assess, evaluate and treat addictions plaguing millions of individuals around the globe. Born in Mexico City and receiving her MD from National University of Mexico in Mexico City; Volkow attended  New York University for her psychiatry residency. As the author of over 600 articles (peer-reviewed) and 95 chapters for books; Dr. Volkow’s fame is world-wide. Her accomplishments include:

  • Laughlin Fellowship Award as one of the “10 Outstanding Psychiatric Residents in the USA”
  • Medical Department Chair; Associate Director of Life Sciences and the Director of Nuclear Medicine at the Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) in New York
  • Named as one of  the “Top 100 People Who Shape Our World” by Time Magazine
  • One of the  “100 Most Powerful Women” by Washingtonian magazine
  • Associate Dean and Professor at State University of New York’s Medical School
  • Recipient of the International Prize from the French Institute of Health and Medical Research (for breakthroughs in both brain imaging and addiction science)
  • Institute of Medicine in the National Academy of Sciences: Elected Member
  • Touted as “One of the 20 People to Watch” by Newsweek magazine
  • Named “Innovator of the Year” by U.S. News & World Report
  • She was featured in a profile of her life and work by 60 Minutes on CBS
  • Hall of Fame inductee by the Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (CHADD)

Dr. Juan Ramón de la Fuente Ramírez

Born in 1951 in Mexico City; Dr. Ramirez has gained international recognition as a highly respected psychiatrist, learned scholar and dedicated politician. Under President Ernesto Zedillo, Dr. Ramirez was appointed as Secretary of Health from 1994-1999 and went oJuan Ramón de la Fuente Ramírezn to be named Chancellor of  the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM); the college from which he received his MD. His residency in Psychiatry was completed at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. His achievements include:

  • UNAM Professor
  • Chairman of the Board: Aspen Institute, Mexico
  • Founder: The Clinical Research Unit of the Mexican Institute of Psychiatry
  • Dean of Medicine: UNAM
  • President: Mexican Academy of Sciences
  • President: International Association of Universities at UNESCO
  • Council Member:  Council of the United Nations University, Tokyo
  • Board Member: El Universal
  • Authored over 200 Papers
  • Written 14 Books
  • Recipient:  Distinguished Alumnus Award from the Mayo Clinic
  • Recipient: Presidential Award for Excellence at the University of Texas
  • Honorary Doctorate in Humane Letters from Arizona State University
  • Recipient: The Government of Mexico’s most prestigious award: National Prize for Arts and Sciences

Opera Medicinalia: The 1st medical book published in America (1570) Author Dr. Francisco Bravo

Dr. Francisco Bravo (1524-1595)

Opera MedicinaliaOne of the most influential scholars in the history of medicine is Dr. Francisco Bravo. While photographic images of the famous physician are rare; his legacy is still celebrated at colleges around the world. As the University of Texas at Austin  report their project PRIMEROS LIBROS is undertaking the digitization of the historic text. Interestingly, the original book was published only 3 decades after the invention of the printing press. It contains 4 treatises which discuss:

  • Epidemiology
  • Medicinal Herbs (Smilax aspera/Sasparilla root)
  • Typhus
  • Treatments known as “bloodletting”
  • Groundbreaking engravings of the human circulatory system

Dr. Julio Frenk Mora

Dr. Frenk is a Spafrenknish-speaking medical doctor of Mexican-American descent. He has made recent history by his appointment as the first Hispanic president of the University of Miami. He was also the first Hispanic Dean at the Harvard School of Public Health. His other achievements include:

  • Former Minister of Health (Mexico)
  • T & G Angelopoulos Professor of Public Health and International Development at the Harvard School of Public Health
  • T & G Angelopoulos Professor of Public Health and International Development Harvard Kennedy School
  • Fellow at the University of Michigan’s Society of Fellows
  • Recipient: Cecilio A. Robelo Award for Scientific Research (Morelos)
  • Mexican Research System: National Researcher
  • Member: United States Institute of Medicine
  • The W.K. Kellogg Foundation: International Fellow of Health


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